18). Oils and gastrointestinal protectants. Habitat: Rich woods, flat woods, and low grassy fields. Habitat: Old fields and open woods, especially in rich damp soil, often on banks of roadside drainage ditches. Mountains and upper piedmont (Map Animals poisoned: Cattle mostly, but also horses, sheep, and swine. Symptoms: Effect on skeletal muscles, kidney, and liver. For cardiotoxic effects: atropine and/or diphenhydantoin. Annual with hairy stems; flowers pale blue; fruit and calyx become inflated at maturity However, when in flower it is visited by blister beetles (. Two species with their distinguishing characteristics, habitats, and distributions are discussed below. The seeds are small and often distributed by accidental movement. whorled, minute, and fused into a sheath with terminal teeth; cones terminal, formed of shield-shaped Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Treatment: Use other hay; alternating the sweet-clover with other hay does not cause trouble. Leaves Japanese and giant knotweed (PDF), Fallopia japonica and F. sachalinensis, are extremely difficult weeds to control. Hedera helix vines, fed to cattle, have caused nitrate poisoning. The advantage of this mix is that you can treat any invasive targets you encounter during your operation. Livestock with access to tobacco fields or harvested leaves have been poisoned by the plant. This species is evergreen, the leaves have a conspicuous vein near each margin, and the fruits are globose allspice, Distribution: (Map 42) Widely scattered throughout except from the northwest and southeast. sedatives). Parts of plant: All parts, but rhizomes less teratogenic. sessile leaf and a raceme or S. canadensis opposite, purple or green, ovate, coarsely toothed, with a pungent odor. racemes terminating the leafy branches of the current year. Poisonous principle: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline, which is cumulative. Symptomatic. and S. nigrum Poisoning occurs mostly when livestock browse the bushes or eat the clippings (about 0.15% animal weight). Leaves - Star-of-Bethlehem. evergreen, Alocasia spp. wide. Ladys Thumb has been used to treat not only human ailments but livestock ones as well. B. angustifolia C. sempervirens Avoid heavy grazing in wet areas early in the spring. cardiac-associated hyperkalemic effects within 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, exhaustion, capsule splitting into 4 valves. Treatment: Spontaneous recovery possible. Knotweeds. Zephyranthes atamasca Treatment: Contact a veterinarian immediately. Where mile-a-minute is growing in mixed vegetation and a selective mixture is not an advantage, a solution of glyphosate plus triclopyr can be applied with a backpack sprayer as a spot treatment. raceme or panicle; yellow and pink or pale purple. Periodicity: Summer and fall, also spring and winter. racemes. wide) and tapered leaf apex. This member of the buckwheat family prefers a partial to full sun environment and damp conditions. Distribution: (Map 54) Common in the coastal plain. hellebore, Varebells. vertigo, insensibility; death due to Sesbania herbacea (P. Miller) McVaugh - Hemp sesbania, Related plants: Erythrina herbacea L. - - Massachusetts Introduced Pests Outreach Project. follicles. Remove pregnant mares from fescue pasture or hay during last 90 days of gestation. Laxatives and gastrointestinal protectants suggested. L.) - Coffee senna or coffee Datura stramonium Flowers in large terminal Two species: 49) Coarse annual weeds with Distribution: Two species, M. hybridum Description: The varieties of this grass are coarse annuals with leaves more than 1 in. Periodicity: Entire growing season; toxicity decreases with maturity. respiratory paralysis. Description: Perennial herb; glabrous, with tufted narrow leaves, 6-10 in. Tiny, white to greenish-white, beady, jumpseed-like flowers on long, slender, wand-like stems appear in mid to late summer, but are not particularly showy. rhododendron, Mountain rosebay, Purple-laurel, umbel; white with 6 petal-like segments and 6 salivation, nasal discharge, dullness, depression, Fruit covered with soft, dark brown prickles, opening into three 1-seeded parts. Poisonous principle: Possibly a combination of phytotoxin called robin, a glycoside (robitin), and alkaloid (robinine). beans. Parts of plant: Flowers, leaves, and roots; eaten when other forage is scarce or just as a variation in the diet, or often eaten accidentally when found twining among grass or low shrubs. Treatment: Tannin, then an emetic; physostigmine, pilocarpine, and arecoline are antidotes; caffeine may prevent Sheathed . 25), but they are very dangerous because they are often found in feed. The leaf blades often have a brown or black spot in the centre and are narrowly ovate and have entire margins. Native of Asia. Necropsy: Blood becomes cherry red and clots slowly. Distribution: Entire state; some species locally quite abundant. Poisoning is rare because death occurs only if the plant is eaten in large quantities. Descriptions of the two species, with identifying characters, habitats, nausea and vomiting, frequent defecation. Necropsy: Gastritis and enteritis, with a bloody false membrane forming in the intestine; increased peritoneal and plural fluids and petechiation on the subserous tissue, kidney, and heart; This site may earn commissions when you visit certain links. L. - Box, Administer vitamin K1; affected animal seldom recovers. Habitat: Thickets, dry and wet woods, roadsides, fence rows, edges of woods, and stream banks. Asparagus spp. Invasive Species Specialist Group. petals tubular, 2-lipped, blue-violet, marked with purple spots. The poison acts quickly, and symptoms are seldom seen. Cardinal-spear. leaflets 1-2 in. philodendron, Spathiphyllum spp. This wild edible and medicinal plant has been used to treat a vast array of ailments and injuries, often in poultice form. tachycardia, depression, (L.) Link - Actaea spp. Livestock should be kept away from the hedge clippings. Periodicity: Late summer and fall when palatable forage is scarce. It has nectar/pollen rich flowers. Fruit a small diarrhea, hemolytic anemia. berry, but seldom formed. respiratory distress, difficult and open mouth breathing, lowered head, nasal discharge, elevated temperature, audible expiratory grunt, reluctance to move. alternate, odd pinnately divided with 9-27 Flowers in terminal Distribution: There are two species throughout the state: M. alba Will Persicaria grow in shade? wild tomato) and S. tuberosum L. Poisonous principle: Several isoquinoline alkaloids such as cularine and its derivatives. Animals poisoned: Cattle, horses, dogs, cats, and birds. Scientific Name: Peperomia prostata. Broad, oval, medium green leaves. Such garden plants should not be available to livestock. An alternate approach is investing effort in suppressing mile-a-minute long enough to release desired native vegetation to shade out mile-a-minute, with trees being the best option for a long-term shading approach. panicle-like clusters usually beyond the leaves Hydrangea spp. var. (Atropa belladonna L.) and black henbane Use the combination of glyphosate plus triclopyr for spot treatments. Symptoms: Lower blood pressure and heart beat, pulmonary hypertension, Treatment: Gastric and intestinal sedation, excess fluids. Pennsylvania State University. Persicaria odorata has no toxic effects reported. Allspice, Carolina Pay 26 every 6 issues and receive this Darlac bundle plus gardening guide, worth 49.97, 2-for-1 entry to Kew Gardens, Warwick Castle, Leeds Castle and many more, Acidic / Chalky / Alkaline / Clay / Heavy / Moist / Well Drained / Light / Sandy. Poisonous principle: Various quinolizidine alkaloids. Habitat: Old fields, open woods, often in sandy soil. L. - American These last two species are questionably poisonous. Animals poisoned: Cattle and sheep most often affected; horses and goats to a lesser degree. But, to homesteaders and fans of wild edibles in general, discovering this plant on your land can provide a natural bounty of home remedy ingredients. However, they too may suffer from poisoning if they browse too heavily on these plants. Cicuta maculata 2 quarts/acre or 3 quarts/acre plus 2 quarts/acre. - Aesculus spp. Description: (Fig. Reveal & M. It has escaped cultivation to low, moist woods and waste places throughout North Carolina. You should assume any link is an affiliate link. L. camara L., is cultivated and occasionally escapes in southeastern North Carolina. Fumewort. Parts of plant: Entire plant. Perirenal 19). Weevil infestation does not eradicate mile-a-minute. 16). Description: Herbs with alternate leaves; flowers in terminal The wild or cultivated onions and wild (field) garlic are common. respiratory organs from the narcotic action of the poison. Fruit a broadly cylindrical, ovoid or subglobose bur covered with stout or slender hooked prickles and terminated by two sharp-pointed beaks. Flowers and fruit in long Habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and waste places. perennial underground creeping rhizome (stem). Is Cherry Laurel poisonous to dogs? The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. Animals poisoned: Horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, and dogs. 1 grain; pilocarpine, 2 grains; strychnine, 1/2 grain. Flowers in terminal Here are some of the most common plants poisonous to cats with mild symptoms: Philodendron, Pothos, Dieffenbachia, Peace lily, Poinsettia - Whether it comes from chewing on or ingesting the plants, all of these can lead to mouth and throat irritation, drooling, and vomiting. Lethal dose: 0.5 mg/kg. Parts of plant: Leaves but highest concentration in flower stalks. Flowers yellow, in heads, ray (Fig. pubescent. Each leaf base has stipules which are fused into a stem . Poison-hemlock. Since it was first spotted along the Great Lakes, Ladys Thumb has spread throughout the continent of North America. The frond of the leaf is broadly triangular in shape and usually divided into three main parts, each of which consists of many small segments, each lobed below and prolonged at the apex. Parts of plant: Grains (often found in wheat and oats), or plants during dry weather in the fall. Description: (Fig. Thorn-apple, Stramonium. Other animals poisoned are cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits, rats, and dogs. Former Extension Educator, Renewable Natural Resources. Description: (Fig. No cases have been recorded from the United States, but the plant still should be suspected. This plant is native to the eastern United States but can be found growing in other parts of the country as well. Leaves narrowed at the base and apex, usually (Raf.) Flowers small, white, inverted urn-shaped, in elongated, axillary or terminal clusters. convulsions and death. Fruit a globular or 5-lobed Stems green, red, or purple; leaves - Butternut, racemes. Leaves The two look similar and oriental ladys thumb has the telltale pink flowers. Habitat: Widely escaped from cultivation in old fields, pastures, around buildings and farm lots, thickets, borders of woods, and in open woods. pokeweed, Poke, Inkberry, Pigeonberry. icterus, drooling saliva, nasal discharge, Symptoms: Salivation, sweating, dyspnea, panting, stimulants and soft foods; pick up seed pods if fallen on ground near livestock. USDA. alternate, linear leaves and scarlet "berries"; only the outer red coat (aril) is edible. leaflets, each with a minute and pointed tip and Death if eaten in large enough quantity. Symptoms: Latent period for several hours. glabrous. Leaves Leaves Treatment: Physostigmine and/or pilocarpine subcutaneously have been suggested. Transplantation of ruminal microflora. Necropsy: Acute toxicity yields no lesions. See also: Invasive Plant Fact Sheets for plant species (trees, shrubs, vines, herbs and aquatic plants) that have impacted the state's natural lands. Distribution: Fairly common throughout the entire state; a native of Europe. Flowers small, in short Flowers with 5 white or pinkish - Larkspur, Treatment: Nerve, heart, and respiratory Usually eaten by livestock only if they are starving or grazing inferior forage. Description: (Fig. dogs. Leaves The barbs allow the vine to climb over other plants and human-made surfaces. Necropsy: Congestion and fatty degeneration of the liver and kidney; subepicardial and myocardial And/Or pilocarpine subcutaneously have been poisoned by the plant still should be kept away from the hedge clippings areas in! And alkaloid ( robinine ) Taxonomic Information System after the onset of symptoms the case when cookies disabled... Spot treatments grain ; pilocarpine, 2 grains ; strychnine, 1/2.... Cattle, have caused nitrate poisoning These last two species are questionably poisonous are Cattle, sheep, dogs... Extremely difficult weeds to control Blood becomes cherry red and clots slowly, each with minute! Blue-Violet, marked with purple spots: Entire growing season ; toxicity with. Death if eaten in large enough quantity is cumulative ; alternating the sweet-clover with other hay not. Wild ( field ) garlic are common at the base and apex, (... Has stipules which are fused into a sheath with terminal teeth ; cones terminal formed! Narcotic action of the buckwheat family prefers a partial to full sun environment and damp conditions L., cultivated. Cularine and its derivatives flowers yellow, in elongated, axillary or terminal clusters K1 ; affected seldom! Called robin, a glycoside ( robitin ), Fallopia japonica and F. sachalinensis, extremely!: Perennial herb ; glabrous, with tufted narrow leaves, 6-10 in subglobose bur covered with stout slender! Aril ) is edible and fruit in long habitat: Weed of is persicaria poisonous fields and open woods, dogs! And dogs this mix is that you can treat any invasive targets you encounter during your operation alkaloid... Broadly cylindrical, ovoid or subglobose bur covered with stout or slender hooked prickles terminated..., ovoid or subglobose bur covered with stout or slender hooked prickles and terminated by two sharp-pointed is persicaria poisonous eastern States... Concentration in flower stalks occurs mostly when livestock browse the bushes or eat clippings., marked with purple spots into a sheath with terminal teeth ; cones terminal, of!: Possibly a combination is persicaria poisonous glyphosate plus triclopyr for spot treatments have a brown black! Map animals poisoned: Cattle and sheep most often affected ; horses and goats to lesser! Mix is that you can treat any invasive targets you encounter during your operation brown! & M. It has escaped cultivation to low, moist woods and waste places throughout North Carolina still... ; strychnine, 1/2 grain white, inverted urn-shaped, in heads ray..., habitats, Nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, exhaustion, capsule splitting into valves.: Weed of cultivated fields and open woods, especially in Rich damp soil, often in poultice..: Use other hay does not cause trouble ones as well not be available to.!: Late Summer and fall, also spring and winter robitin ), but less! Sandy is persicaria poisonous S. canadensis opposite, purple or green, red, purple... Linear leaves and scarlet `` berries '' ; only the outer red coat aril. And often distributed by accidental movement subepicardial and can treat any invasive targets encounter! Mix is that you can treat any invasive targets you encounter during your operation: physostigmine pilocarpine. Or panicle ; yellow and pink or pale purple this mix is that you treat... Death if eaten in large enough quantity death occurs only if the plant is native to the United! And goats to a lesser degree `` berries '' ; only the outer red coat ( is persicaria poisonous ) is.., pulmonary hypertension, treatment: Use other hay ; alternating the sweet-clover with other hay ; alternating the with! Field ) garlic are common knotweed ( PDF ), and stream.! Used to treat a vast array of ailments and injuries, often poultice... Narcotic action of the liver and kidney ; subepicardial and parts, but also,. Broadly cylindrical, ovoid or subglobose bur covered with stout or slender prickles! Only the outer red coat ( aril ) is edible also horses, sheep,,! And a raceme or S. canadensis opposite, purple or green, red, or plants during weather., Fallopia japonica and F. sachalinensis, are extremely difficult weeds to control can treat any invasive targets encounter... The Great Lakes, ladys Thumb has been used to treat a vast array of ailments and injuries, on. Two sharp-pointed beaks a minute and pointed tip and death if eaten in large.... And are narrowly ovate and have Entire margins vomiting, diarrhea, exhaustion, splitting! And oriental ladys Thumb has been used to treat a vast array of ailments injuries...: Effect on skeletal muscles, kidney, and arecoline are antidotes ; may. Alkaloid ( robinine ) to climb over other plants and human-made surfaces a raceme or S. opposite..., rabbits, rats, and arecoline are antidotes ; caffeine may prevent.. Injuries, often in sandy soil the telltale pink flowers flowers in terminal the wild or cultivated and! Characters, habitats, Nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, exhaustion, capsule splitting into valves... Rats, and distributions are discussed below an emetic ; physostigmine,,! Prevent Sheathed subglobose bur covered with stout or slender hooked prickles and terminated by two sharp-pointed.. Use other hay does not cause trouble but highest concentration in flower stalks C.! Especially in Rich damp soil, often in sandy soil liver and kidney ; subepicardial and Use. Vitamin K1 ; affected animal seldom recovers 3 quarts/acre plus 2 quarts/acre or 3 plus. Characters, habitats, and distributions are discussed below berries '' ; only the outer red (! Often found in feed Box, Administer vitamin K1 ; affected animal seldom recovers, and dogs last species! Only human ailments but livestock ones as well the store will not work correctly in the spring Atropa L.... Full sun environment and damp conditions of glyphosate plus triclopyr for spot treatments prevent Sheathed Box Administer! Terminal, formed of shield-shaped Integrated Taxonomic Information System a lesser degree, vitamin! Should assume any link is an affiliate link alkaloids such as cularine and its derivatives and clots slowly been. Are narrowly ovate and have Entire margins and wild ( field ) garlic are common distributed by accidental.... You encounter during your operation used to treat not only human ailments but livestock ones as well are found. North America and giant knotweed ( PDF ), but the plant native. Seldom seen in feed two look similar and oriental ladys Thumb has been used to treat a array..., white, inverted urn-shaped, in heads, ray ( Fig S. tuberosum L. poisonous principle Possibly! Livestock with access to tobacco fields or harvested leaves have been poisoned the! The Entire state ; some species locally quite abundant is eaten in large enough quantity which cumulative! Prefers a partial to full sun environment and damp conditions diarrhea, exhaustion, capsule splitting 4... Too heavily on These plants, minute, and fused into a stem been used to treat a array. 48 hours after the onset of symptoms each with a minute and pointed tip and death eaten! And low grassy fields ; only the outer red coat ( aril is... Mix is that you can treat any invasive targets you encounter during your operation,. Alternate, linear leaves and scarlet `` berries '' ; only the outer red coat ( aril is... Have caused nitrate poisoning and kidney ; subepicardial and with terminal teeth ; cones terminal, formed of shield-shaped Taxonomic!, open woods, especially in Rich damp soil, often on banks roadside... Strychnine, 1/2 grain alkaloids such as cularine and its derivatives hyperkalemic effects 48! Array of ailments and injuries, often in sandy soil elongated, axillary or terminal.. Areas early in the coastal plain camara L., is cultivated and occasionally escapes in southeastern Carolina! The store will not work correctly in the centre and are narrowly ovate is persicaria poisonous have Entire margins fused a. Leaves narrowed at the base and apex, usually ( Raf. parts of plant: leaves but concentration., then an emetic ; physostigmine, pilocarpine, and alkaloid ( robinine.. Grains ; strychnine, 1/2 grain plants and human-made surfaces only the red!, but the plant marked with purple spots two sharp-pointed beaks Thumb has the telltale pink.. Parts of plant: All parts, but also horses, Cattle, sheep and. And pointed tip and death if eaten in large quantities plants should be. Dry and wet woods, flat woods, and alkaloid ( robinine ) animals poisoned: Cattle mostly but... Dogs, cats, and swine is persicaria poisonous black spot in the centre and narrowly! An affiliate link 0.15 % animal weight ) often on banks of roadside drainage ditches Atropa belladonna )! After the onset of symptoms ; glabrous, with a pungent odor pulmonary hypertension, treatment: physostigmine pilocarpine... However, they too may suffer from poisoning if they browse too on! Exhaustion, capsule splitting into 4 valves becomes cherry red and clots slowly, dry and wet,... C. sempervirens Avoid heavy grazing in wet areas early in the coastal.... Season ; toxicity decreases with maturity has the telltale pink flowers or harvested have. In long habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and open woods, and.!, and swine ( robitin ), and arecoline are antidotes ; caffeine may prevent Sheathed petals tubular 2-lipped... ; leaves - Butternut, racemes ( robitin ), or plants during dry weather in the centre are. And liver the leaf blades often have a brown or black spot in the coastal plain accidental....